5_Character_Input_Output_System_in_C_Language

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Character Input & Ouput System

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(read this if you want to continue understanding next articles.)

We are going to consider a family of related programs for processing character data. 

You will find that many programs are just expanded versions of the prototypes that we discuss here.

The model of input and output supported by the standard library is very simple. Text input or output, regardless of where it originates or where it goes to, is dealt with as streams of characters. 

A text stream is a sequence of characters divided into lines; each line consists of zero or more characters followed by a newline character. It is the responsibility of the library to make each input or output stream confirm this model; the C programmer using the library need not worry about how lines are represented outside the program.

The standard library provides several functions for reading or writing one character at a time, of which getchar and putchar are the simplest. 

Each time it is called, getchar reads the next input character from a text stream and returns that as its value. That is, after

   c = getchar(); the variable c contains the next character of input. The characters normally 

come from the keyboard. The function putchar prints a character each time it is called:

   

putchar(c); prints the contents of the integer variable c as a character, usually on the screen. 

Calls to putchar and printf may be interleaved; the output will appear in the order in which the calls are made.

4_Symbolic_Constants_C_Language

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Symbolic Constants

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 A final observation before we leave temperature conversion forever. Its bad practice to bury ``magic numbers'' like 300 and 20 in a program; they convey little information to someone who might have to read the program later, and they are hard to change in a systematic way. One way to deal with magic numbers is to give them meaningful names. 

A #define line defines a symbolic name or symbolic constant to be a particular string of characters:   #define name replacement list thereafter, any occurrence of name (not in quotes and not part of another name) will be replaced by the corresponding replacement text.

The name has the same form as a variable name: a sequence of letters and digits that begins with a letter. The replacement text can be any sequence of characters; it is not limited to numbers.

#include <stdio.h>

#define LOWER 0     /* lower limit of table */

#define UPPER 300   /* upper limit */

#define STEP   20    /* step size */

/* print Fahrenheit-Celsius table */

main() 

 {

int fahr;

for(fahr = LOWER; fahr <= UPPER; fahr = fahr + STEP)

printf("%3d %6.1f\n", fahr, (5.0/9.0)*(fahr-32));

}

 The quantities LOWER, UPPER and STEP are symbolic constants, not variables, so they do not appear in declarations. Symbolic constant names are conventionally written in upper case so they can ber readily distinguished from lower case variable names. Notice that there is no semicolon at the end of a #define line.

How To -- from ITNBuzz

1. How To fix Homepage option in any Browser
2. How To get approved Google Adsense
3. How To make money on internet
4. How To earn money on twitter
5. How to apply for google adsense
6. How To make money on internet

How To make money on internet

How To Make Money Online

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The idea of getting rich quick and making easy money is part of the Americ

an Dream. Who hasn't spent time daydreaming about becoming one of those overnight millionaires? But your high school economics teacher was probably right: There's no such thing as a free lunch. With the exception of the occasional lottery winner, making real money takes time and effort. Still, there are legitimate ways you can make extra money to supplement the income from your day job, without breaking your back.

Click through the next 10 pages for ways you can moonlight, and end up with some money to show for it.

As long as you have the inclination, a little bit of expertise and some free time, you can earn some money on the Internet from the comfort of your own home. ET highlights some popular ways to make that quick extra buck:

Self publish books

• If you love writing and want to get a book published, Amazon offers a free service called Kindle Direct Publishing. The service allows anyone to self publish books on the Kindle (electronic) bookstore and earn royalties from sales. There are two plans you can choose from — the 35% royalty works across any book sold in any country) while the 70% royalty plans works if you sell in a few select countries. Indian authors can choose to set prices specifically for the Indian bookstore and receive royalty payments in Indian currency as well.
• Make & sell your apps
• With so many smartphones and tablets, app development can be a very lucrative business. You can learn about developing apps online — there are various tutorials available for free. That's the easy part — the hard part is coming up with an idea that 'clicks'. Once you make an app, submit it to the respective app store, set a price and choose whether you want to earn from inapp advertising. Your earnings, after deducting the appropriate fees, will be paid monthly.

Sell your photos Online

• Numerous stock websites like www.shutterstock. com, www.shutterpoint.com and www. istockphoto.com host photographs submitted by members. Depending on the site's policy, you can earn between a 15 to 85% royalty on each sale. The better the quality of photos and the larger your online portfolio, the more you will sell. Usually, each photograph you want to upload will have to be 'selected' by them first — and they usually have strict requirements of what can or cannot go on sale.

Sell old stuff online

• An easy way to earn some money on the Internet is by selling old stuff that you have around the house. Websites like www.olx.in, www.quickr.com & http://craigslist.co.in provide a free classifieds platform. You need to create an account, enter the product details, location, the expected price along with some photographs — listing usually go live within a couple of hours. Interested buyers can directly contact you and finalise the sale.

Start an online shop

• With some creativity, you can learn to make handicrafts or if you know a wholesale dealer, purchase unique things at low prices. Once you have some stock ready, you can set up an online shop to sell these goods on sites like www.ebay.in or www.indiebazaar.com.
• Both sites have a simple signup process. After you get verified as a seller, they provide you with a step-by-step wizard to set your online store (how to add photos & details of items you want to sell).
• Work online for money
• The internet is full of bogus companies that promise to pay you for work but never will. For instance, all places that offer money to fill surveys or those that require payment up front are scammers. Two popular & reliable places to find work are www. odesk.com and www.elance.com.
• Both have a similar system: set up a profile and take tests to prove your proficiency in certain areas. Once done, you'll be listed as a contractor/freelancer and people can hire you for an hourly rate. You can get paid more by working hard, getting better at what you do and getting good feedback (ratings) from your clients.

E-Tutoring

• If you are fluent in any subject and have some tutoring experience, you can sign up on websites like www.2tion.net or www.tutorvista.com as an online tutor. The sites require you to create a tutor profile with details such as the subjects in which you are fluent, what classes/courses you want to teach, your experience level, preferred timings for tutions and the remuneration expected.
• After verification, the site lists your profile on their portal where interested students can connect with you for tuitions. You can opt for virtual workspaces with built in teaching aids like live chat and collaborative whiteboards. Once you get better at tutoring, you can increase your monthly earnings by teaching multiple students simultaneously.

Earn from Advertising

• A reliable way to earn money is from Google AdSense on your blog/website or ads on your YouTube channel. To get started, create a Google AdSense account at www. google.com/adsense. You can use the same account with your blog, website or YouTube channel. To maximise earnings from your blog or website, your objective needs to be to get the maximum number of visitors possible.
• Write about what you know and what you're passionate about. On YouTube, make sure that your videos are original and interesting. Promote your channel to get more views. Apart from views, your objective should also be to get more people to like/favourite your video and to subscribe to your channel. The build up will be slow and Google only makes payments once your balance crosses $100, so don't get disheartened. Persistent efforts pay off in the long run.

Rough estimates of how much a newcomer can expect to earn in a month

• Self publish books upto Rs 15,000
• Make and sell apps upto Rs 50,000
• Sell photos online upto Rs 10,000
• Sell old stuff online upto Rs 50,000
• Start an online shop upto Rs 25,000
• E-tutoring upto Rs 10,000
• Earn from advertising upto Rs 5,000

MUST READ IT..

Work online for money upto Rs 30,000

I think making money on internet is difficult, for those who want to be rich by midnight. Making money on internet needs patience and hard work. You must have to be ready with a topic, which you know the best and most of the audience also wants to know about that. You must be ready for the answers which are going to be asked by the audience.

Do not use too much content on your website just straight forward that, It happened to me, I become successful and I can also help you to how to do that.

Do not put the history of that  topic which u know. Like Wikipedia because your audience can access it from anywhere. They need your opinion about that topic.

How to apply for google adsense

 12 Things For Applying for Google Adsense

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I know many of you want to make some good money with adsense right? 

But it’s not easy to get into adsense program now a days. You have to do few things before applying for adsense.

Google Adsense is world’s larges Ads Network and works at Pay Per Click system. It’s paying rates are better than all of other networks which is the biggest reason it is so popular to all Bloggers and Webmasters. But since everybody is running behind them, they have made the approval system very strict. You make little mistakes and get disapproved every time. So you need a complete guidance and list of thing that you need to do before applying for Google Adsense and supposing that you are ready.

12 Things For Applying for Google Adsense

1. Privacy Policy :

One of the common mistakes that every Blogger makes and that I made many times before finally getting approved. Even though there are people out there who say that having a Privacy Policy for a Blog doesn’t makes sense but they are wrong.

A Privacy actually describes to your readers about what they will get on your Blog , what they should do and what they should not. So obviously there is nothing bad in having a Privacy Policy. While it can affect somehow on your Adsense Approval, you must give it a try. You can write it yourself or find Privacy Policy Generators online (You don’t need a lawyer anyway).

2. About Page

An About has major role and importance if you don’t want to apply for Adsense. But when it comes to Adsense, they are about Zero chances of getting approved if you are not showing this page.About page simply describes about you and your Blog . This will not only help you establish a relationship with readers but it will also make them trust upon you.

3. Contact Us Page

It’s quite obvious that everyone has his/her own opinion. What one of your readers likes may be bothering someone else. Than it is better to give them opportunity to speak up to you and tell how they feel about your Blog, what they want to be edited , what they liked or hated.

It will also show the Google Adsense Team that is viewing your site that you actually care about your readers and not only the money and Adsense.

4. Name/ Email Verification

Make sure to put you Name and Email address in some easily visible area like About Me and Contact Us pages. It will confirm to Google Adsense Team that it is the same person who applied for Adsense and not some spam, crappy bots.

5. Age Verification

I’m really laughing out typing this. 

Why?

Because this is where I encountered a problem. Instead of 18, I accidentally published my age as 17 while on Adsense Application Form, it was accurately 18.

Hence there started a problem . Because Google Adsense is not for under 18 people. I realized this problem after being disproved a few times without any legitimate reason. So I advice you to be accurate while typing your age.

6. Minimum Number of Posts

There is no exact answer. Not even one. Because I have seen very established Blogs with 400+ posts and their owner telling me that Google Adsense is rejecting them while somewhere ,people with 40,50 posts are enjoying making money. Exactly what I said that there is no actual answer. However, we can always predict things. According to my experience , you should only apply after you have more than 70 posts. Posts length should must be 500+ words too.

Read : Difference Between Short Length Post Vs Length Posts – What’s Best?

7. Design

Your Blog is the biggest thing after Content. This represents your expertise ,experience and Professionalism. So be careful because anything can kill your Chances.

8. Content Type

Be careful with what type of content you are publishing. Because it is something that truly matters. Google Adsense is not for Pornographic, Illegal Items, Drugs or other Blogs / Sites like that. Also Adsense team won’t be willing to allow you to step in if you own a Non English Blog. Having posts shorter than 300 words in length is also Red Signal.

9. Providing Value

Don’t complain about not making money and don’t clearly state that your are Blogging for Money only and have no other interest in it. Because this will show them that you will not be providing values to your readers any day. Hence another Red Light glows up.

10. Top Level Domain

Those are gone far away when Adsense used to approve “Blogspot” and “WordPress.com” Blogs. As for today, you must have your own unique domain that specifies your Blog. If you don’t have one yet, stop dreaming about getting approved with Sub domains and go buy a Top Level Domain.

Another important thing about domain is it’s age. Because for most of Asian Countries, Adsense has placed an age restriction. They don’t accept any sites before they are 6 months old.

11. Other Ad Networks

If you have any other Ads placed like Chitika, Clicksor or anything, it’s time to drop them off.

Even Google Adsense allows you to use other Ad Networks along with them, it’s better to remove the ads before Applying and don’t put them back until you get a reply from Adsense Team.

12. Paid Traffic 

Google hates the sites that are getting Paid traffic and mostly penalizes them so there is not a damn chance of getting Adsense Approval letter for a site that is getting paid traffic. You can bring traffic from Search Engines or any other way you want but if you want to earn via Google Adsense the right way, paid traffic is not a solution.

What to do if adsense is not getting approved?

If google adsense still not approving your website/blog. You can use these websites to earn money without adsense.

• Chitika
• Bidvertise
• Text Link Ads
• ReviewMe

Final Words About Apply for Adsense!

This will take your few time and you have to Do these things Before Applying for Google Adsense. I guess these are not too hard. Don’t be sad if google adsense not approve your blog! 

There are many other ways to make money online without adsense.